When a testator executes a will, what must be true for the writing being incorporated?

For a writing to be incorporated into a will by reference, it is essential that it exists at the time of the will's execution. This principle is grounded in the idea that the testator intends to include the other document as part of their testamentary intentions. The writing can provide additional instructions or clarify the wishes of the testator, but if the document did not exist when the will was signed, it cannot be considered as incorporated.

The requirement for existence at the time of execution ensures that the testator's intentions are clear and that the incorporated document can be verified. This principle is fundamental in probate law, as it helps prevent disputes over the testator's intention and provides a clear basis for what the testator wanted.

In contrast, the other choices do not align with the necessary requirements for incorporation. The language of the document doesn’t affect its validity, there is no need for the document to be publicly recorded, and witnessing pertains to the execution of the will itself rather than the incorporation of additional writings. Thus, the requirement for the writing to exist at the time of the execution stands as the crucial element for valid incorporation into a will.